Dilli Khoya Paneer
A rich, sweet-savory paneer curry made with evaporated milk solids.

About this dish
A hallmark of Old Delhi's Kayastha and Baniya communities, this dish represents the transition from Mughal richness to vegetarian opulence. Unlike the spicy restaurant versions, the Dilli-style Khoya Paneer is mildly sweet, ivory-colored, and relies on the slow-roasting of milk solids for its depth. It is traditionally served at wedding feasts and festive Sunday lunches, representing the 'shahi' or royal standard of home cooking.
Ingredients
The Base
- 250g Paneer, cut into 1-inch cubes
- 100g Khoya (Mawa), crumbled fine
- 2 tbsp Ghee (clarified butter)
- 1/2 cup Warm milk
- 1 tbsp Cashew paste (soaked and ground)
Aromatics and Spices
- 2 medium Onions, boiled and ground to a fine white paste
- 1 tsp Ginger-garlic paste
- 2 Green cardamoms, cracked
- 1 inch Cinnamon stick
- 1/2 tsp White pepper powder
- 1/2 tsp Shahi Jeera (caraway seeds)
- Salt to taste
Method
- 1
Paneer Preparation
Soak the paneer cubes in warm salted water for 10 minutes to ensure they stay soft. Drain and pat dry; optionally, lightly sauté them in a teaspoon of ghee until the edges are barely golden, but do not toughen them. This step creates a barrier that prevents the paneer from crumbling into the rich gravy later.
- 2
Bloom the Spices
Heat 2 tablespoons of ghee in a heavy-bottomed kadai over medium heat until it shimmers. Add the shahi jeera, cracked cardamoms, and cinnamon stick, allowing them to sizzle for 30 seconds until the aroma fills the kitchen. Avoid high heat to ensure the delicate oils of the spices do not burn.
- 3
Sauté the White Paste
Add the boiled onion paste to the ghee and cook on low-medium heat for 8-10 minutes. Because the onions were boiled, they won't brown quickly; you are looking for the moisture to evaporate and the ghee to separate from the sides. The paste should remain pale white or light cream, never golden brown.
- 4
Incorporate Aromatics
Add the ginger-garlic paste and sauté for another 2 minutes until the raw smell vanishes. Stir constantly to prevent sticking, as the onion paste becomes thick and sticky at this stage. Add a splash of water if the paste starts to catch at the bottom of the pan.
- 5
Roast the Khoya
Lower the heat to the minimum and add the crumbled khoya to the pan. Stir vigorously for 5 minutes as the khoya melts and begins to release its own fat, turning slightly grainy and fragrant. This 'bhuna' process of the khoya is what defines the dish's nutty, rich profile.
- 6
Create the Emulsion
Whisk the cashew paste into the warm milk and pour it slowly into the pan. Stir continuously to create a smooth, velvet-like emulsion without any lumps. The gravy should look like thick cream; adjust the consistency with a little more milk if it appears too dense.
- 7
Season and Simmer
Add the white pepper powder and salt, stirring well to incorporate. Unlike red gravies, we use white pepper here to maintain the pristine color while providing a sharp, clean heat. Let the gravy simmer on low for 3 minutes until bubbles gently break the surface.
- 8
Final Integration
Gently fold in the paneer cubes, ensuring they are well-coated by the khoya mixture. Cover the pan with a tight-fitting lid and cook on 'dum' (very low heat) for 5 minutes. This allows the paneer to absorb the sweetness of the milk solids and the warmth of the spices.
- 9
Finish and Garnish
Turn off the heat and let the dish rest for 2 minutes. Garnish with a few strands of saffron soaked in milk or a tiny pinch of nutmeg powder for an authentic Delhi finish. The final texture should be thick enough to coat a spoon heavily.
Notes & variations
- If khoya is unavailable, use 1/2 cup of full-fat milk powder mixed with 2 tbsp of heavy cream.
- Always use white pepper; black pepper will leave dark flecks and alter the visual appeal.
- Do not overcook after adding paneer, or the cheese will become rubbery.
- Store leftovers for up to 2 days; the gravy thickens significantly when cold, so reheat with a splash of milk.
Serve with
Hot, buttery Khamiri Roti or a simple saffron-infused Pulao.
Cook's note
Grate the khoya using the finest side of the grater to ensure it melts into the gravy instantly without lumps.