Karnataka

Kotte Kadubu

Idli batter steamed in fragrant jackfruit leaf cups.

Prep12 hoursCook25 minTotal12 hours 25 minServes4DietVegLevelInvolvedSpice
Kotte Kadubu from Karnataka

About this dish

Kotte Kadubu is a traditional coastal Karnataka delicacy, most notably prepared during Ganesha Chaturthi and auspicious festivals in the Udupi-Mangalore region. Unlike regular idlis, these are steamed in 'kottes' or conical molds hand-woven from jackfruit tree leaves, which impart a distinct, sweet earthy aroma and a firm texture to the batter. The craftsmanship of weaving the leaves is as essential to the dish as the fermentation of the rice and urad dal.

Ingredients

For the Batter

  • 2 cups (400g) Idli rice or parboiled rice
  • 1 cup (200g) Whole white urad dal (split black gram)
  • 1/2 teaspoon Fenugreek seeds (methi)
  • 1.5 teaspoons Sea salt
  • Water for soaking and grinding

For the Leaves

  • 16-20 Fresh jackfruit leaves, cleaned and dried
  • 20-24 Thin coconut leaf ribs or toothpicks for pinning

Method

  1. 1

    Soaking the grains

    Wash the idli rice and urad dal separately under cold running water until the water runs clear. Soak the rice in plenty of water for 6 hours, and soak the urad dal with fenugreek seeds in a separate bowl for 4 hours. Ensure the water level is at least two inches above the grains as they will expand significantly.

  2. 2

    Grinding the dal

    Drain the urad dal, reserving the soaking water. Grind it in a stone wet grinder or a high-speed blender, adding chilled water sparingly, until it becomes a light, fluffy, and voluminous paste. You should be able to see small air bubbles; a drop of batter in a cup of water should float.

  3. 3

    Grinding the rice

    Drain the rice and grind it to a slightly coarse consistency, similar to fine semolina (rava). Do not grind it into a smooth paste as the texture of the kadubu relies on this graininess. Use minimal water to keep the batter thick.

  4. 4

    Mixing and fermentation

    Combine the rice and dal pastes in a large steel vessel, add salt, and mix vigorously by hand for 2 minutes to incorporate air. Cover and let it ferment in a warm, dark spot for 8 to 12 hours until it doubles in volume and smells slightly tangy.

  5. 5

    Weaving the Kottes

    Select four jackfruit leaves of similar size for each cup. Place them overlapping each other in a square or circular pattern, then fold and pin them together using coconut leaf sticks to form a deep, leak-proof cone or cup. Ensure there are no gaps at the bottom where batter could leak.

  6. 6

    Preparing the steamer

    Add 3 inches of water to a traditional Pedavan or a large idli steamer and bring to a rolling boil over high heat. Lightly grease the inside of the jackfruit leaf cups with a drop of coconut oil to ensure easy release.

  7. 7

    Filling the cups

    Gently fold the fermented batter one last time without deflating the air bubbles. Pour the batter into each leaf cup, filling only up to 3/4th of the capacity to allow for the rise during steaming.

  8. 8

    Steaming process

    Place the filled kottes upright in the steamer basket, ensuring they are stable and not tilting. Close the lid tightly and steam on medium-high heat for 20 to 25 minutes. You will know they are done when a distinct woody aroma from the leaves fills the kitchen.

  9. 9

    Testing for doneness

    Insert a clean toothpick into the center of a kadubu; it should come out clean. Turn off the heat and let the steamer sit undisturbed for 5 minutes to allow the steam to settle before opening.

  10. 10

    Unmolding and serving

    Carefully remove the kottes from the steamer and let them cool for 2 minutes. Gently unpin the sticks and peel away the leaves; the kadubu should retain the shape and the veins of the leaf on its surface.

Notes & variations

  • If jackfruit leaves are unavailable, dried plantain leaves or screwpine (mujjige) leaves can be used.
  • Use chilled water while grinding to prevent the motor heat from cooking the batter prematurely.
  • Leftover batter can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 3 days, but use it fresh for the best leaf aroma.
  • Ensure the 'kottes' are placed vertically in the steamer so the batter doesn't spill out before setting.

Serve with

Serve hot with Udupi-style coconut chutney and a spicy vegetable sambar or gashe.

Cook's note

Always mix the batter with your clean hand; the natural microbes help in superior fermentation compared to using a spoon.

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