Kotte Kadubu
Idli batter steamed in fragrant jackfruit leaf cups.
About this dish
Kotte Kadubu is a traditional coastal Karnataka delicacy, most notably prepared during Ganesha Chaturthi and auspicious festivals in the Udupi-Mangalore region. Unlike regular idlis, these are steamed in 'kottes' or conical molds hand-woven from jackfruit tree leaves, which impart a distinct, sweet earthy aroma and a firm texture to the batter. The craftsmanship of weaving the leaves is as essential to the dish as the fermentation of the rice and urad dal.
Ingredients
For the Batter
- 2 cups (400g) Idli rice or parboiled rice
- 1 cup (200g) Whole white urad dal (split black gram)
- 1/2 teaspoon Fenugreek seeds (methi)
- 1.5 teaspoons Sea salt
- Water for soaking and grinding
For the Leaves
- 16-20 Fresh jackfruit leaves, cleaned and dried
- 20-24 Thin coconut leaf ribs or toothpicks for pinning
Method
- 1
Soaking the grains
Wash the idli rice and urad dal separately under cold running water until the water runs clear. Soak the rice in plenty of water for 6 hours, and soak the urad dal with fenugreek seeds in a separate bowl for 4 hours. Ensure the water level is at least two inches above the grains as they will expand significantly.
- 2
Grinding the dal
Drain the urad dal, reserving the soaking water. Grind it in a stone wet grinder or a high-speed blender, adding chilled water sparingly, until it becomes a light, fluffy, and voluminous paste. You should be able to see small air bubbles; a drop of batter in a cup of water should float.
- 3
Grinding the rice
Drain the rice and grind it to a slightly coarse consistency, similar to fine semolina (rava). Do not grind it into a smooth paste as the texture of the kadubu relies on this graininess. Use minimal water to keep the batter thick.
- 4
Mixing and fermentation
Combine the rice and dal pastes in a large steel vessel, add salt, and mix vigorously by hand for 2 minutes to incorporate air. Cover and let it ferment in a warm, dark spot for 8 to 12 hours until it doubles in volume and smells slightly tangy.
- 5
Weaving the Kottes
Select four jackfruit leaves of similar size for each cup. Place them overlapping each other in a square or circular pattern, then fold and pin them together using coconut leaf sticks to form a deep, leak-proof cone or cup. Ensure there are no gaps at the bottom where batter could leak.
- 6
Preparing the steamer
Add 3 inches of water to a traditional Pedavan or a large idli steamer and bring to a rolling boil over high heat. Lightly grease the inside of the jackfruit leaf cups with a drop of coconut oil to ensure easy release.
- 7
Filling the cups
Gently fold the fermented batter one last time without deflating the air bubbles. Pour the batter into each leaf cup, filling only up to 3/4th of the capacity to allow for the rise during steaming.
- 8
Steaming process
Place the filled kottes upright in the steamer basket, ensuring they are stable and not tilting. Close the lid tightly and steam on medium-high heat for 20 to 25 minutes. You will know they are done when a distinct woody aroma from the leaves fills the kitchen.
- 9
Testing for doneness
Insert a clean toothpick into the center of a kadubu; it should come out clean. Turn off the heat and let the steamer sit undisturbed for 5 minutes to allow the steam to settle before opening.
- 10
Unmolding and serving
Carefully remove the kottes from the steamer and let them cool for 2 minutes. Gently unpin the sticks and peel away the leaves; the kadubu should retain the shape and the veins of the leaf on its surface.
Notes & variations
- If jackfruit leaves are unavailable, dried plantain leaves or screwpine (mujjige) leaves can be used.
- Use chilled water while grinding to prevent the motor heat from cooking the batter prematurely.
- Leftover batter can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 3 days, but use it fresh for the best leaf aroma.
- Ensure the 'kottes' are placed vertically in the steamer so the batter doesn't spill out before setting.
Serve with
Serve hot with Udupi-style coconut chutney and a spicy vegetable sambar or gashe.
Cook's note
Always mix the batter with your clean hand; the natural microbes help in superior fermentation compared to using a spoon.